All Things Masonry

I know of nothing so rewarding nor therapeutic as hammering and chiseling stone. There is a certain and entirely unique melody to the sound of the tools as they reverberate with each crash and instill chaos within quiet spaces. But what it really comes down to is the inherent creativity involved with stonework. Each and every masonry project presents itself as a canvas must to a painter. The mediums of expression and the tools with which to explore them may differ, yet the act is one and the same. Rock hammers, chisels, and trowels mimic the brushes; mortar becomes the paint. I am then type of person who requires a great deal of variety from this life and the environment in which I find myself. This particular trade provides an abundance of just that. Stone application techniques vary with each job, as does the type of stone and the finish desired. Brick, block, cultured stone, natural, thin and full veneer stone... it always varies, including the necessary type of preparatory work and desired finish. Stonemasonry is a trade which incorporates many other aspects of construction, such as carpentry, concrete forming/pouring/finishing, landscaping, and also hardscaping. You find yourself constantly learning and experimenting with each new project, making it difficult to master a definitive facet beneath the masonry umbrella. But, personally, this is what I particularly enjoy about this industry: the endless pursuit of mastery. Residing and working in Victoria, BC, has afforded me the ability to focus mainly on natural stonework, as Vancouver Island is littered with local stone quarries, making natural materials a fully accessible and affordable resource. Blast-rock walls are often woven into the building codes as the "mainstay" for residential retaining walls within this region and are, appropriately, a much more cost-effective construction method. This, in turn, provides stonemasons, such as myself, with an abundance of projects in this coastal environment. The career of a stonemason involves many laborious tasks and can be quite grueling work at times. However, the physical aspect of this trade lends itself to a highly rewarding line of work, both physically, creatively, and with enough knowledge and experience, financially. I would not hesitate to recommend this occupation to anybody wishing to enter the construction industry. Stonework cannot help but keep you in great physical and mental shape, as you are continously moving your body, problem-solving, and learning with each new day. Here, at Lennox Masonry of Victoria, BC, we are always eager to work with and employ individuals who are passionate about constructing timeless works of art through the medium of stone. If you feel as though stone masonry may suit you as a career choice, please, contact us today to receive further details. Are you located on Vancouver Island, the Victoria Area, or even on the surrounding Gulf Islands and in need of a professional stonemason for your next project? With years of experience in the field of masonry, Lennox Masonry is well equipped to handle and address your specific needs. Please, Give Us A Call At: 778-968-6574 As always, if you have any questions, please, comment below or write to us at sean@lennoxmasonry.com To check out some of our other Blog Posts and obtain information on a wide-variety of additional Masonry subjects, please click here. Sean Lennox, Lennox Masonry, Masonry Contractor, Stonemason, Victoria BC Lennox Masonry of Victoria, BC has been proudly serving both Vancouver Island and the Gulf Islands for over a decade. We are small group of skilled masons with a great deal of passion towards our trade and for improving the communities we live and work in. We extend our gratitude to the lək̓ʷəŋən people for allowing us to share and work on this corner of the garden with them. We are thankful for the residents and businesses of Victoria, BC for supporting us in our endeavors! If you’re in need of a professional and reliable masonry company for your next project, please contact us today!

Lennox Masonry - Thin brick veneer overtop of a dated brick fireplace There comes a time in the life of many brick fireplaces and exteriors in which they appear both dated and unappealing. Luckily, apart from some minor modifications to their surroundings, they are typically quite cost-effective and easy to remodel. Brick is quite coarse in nature, so applying a new brick veneer or natural stone veneer overtop of it is really quite straightforward from a masonry installers perspective. In the following steps, Lennox Masonry of Victoria BC will discuss the process of remodelling interior brick fireplaces.. For Unpainted Brick: Thoroughly clean and remove any impediments on the surface of your brick with a scrub brush prior to thoroughly soaking it with a wet sponge. If the brick has an unpainted and porous surface, you can apply your choice of brick veneer directly overtop of your fireplace while using the correct mortar. For a list of mortar types and their uses, please visit our blog post: Masonry & Mortar: A Guide to Different Types of Mortar and Their Uses. If you intend on remodelling your brick fireplace with a natural stone veneer instead, we would recommend applying a galvanized steel mesh or lath and a scratch coat overtop of the existing brickwork prior to installing the stone veneer. Alternatively, applying a cement board overtop of the brick will also suffice. Given the weight of natural stone, this method will create a better bond and ensure that the veneer doesn't flex or move in the future. For an explanation as to why we haven't included cultured stone veneer in this article, please read the following blog post: Natural Stone Vs. Cultured Stone And Increasing Your Home's Value For Painted Brick: If the brick is painted, you can either go through the process of grinding, scraping, or washing the paint off with a chemical solution, or use the same methods above for the natural stone veneer. The reason being is that mortar needs a coarse and porous surface to bond with. Paint acts a repellant due to its smooth and slick surface. Lennox Masonry - Natural Pangea Fieldstone Veneer Overtop of a Brick Fireplace Of course, there are other options when it comes to remodelling your brick fireplace or exterior which are of the cheaper variety, such as whitewashing (pictured below) and lime washing, but those are articles to be left for another day and for the sake of removing the sight of the brick altogether, applying stone veneer directly overtop of it is by far the most cost-effective solution. Lennox Masonry - Red Hartford Tundra Brick Veneer Before Whitewashing Lennox Masonry - Red Hartford Tundra Brick Veneer After Whitewashing With years of experience in this field, Lennox Masonry is well equipped to assess and address your specific needs. Give Us A Call At: 778-968-6574 As always, if you have any questions, please, comment below or write to us at sean@lennoxmasonry.com To check out some of our other Blog Posts and obtain information for a wide-variety of additional Masonry applications, please click here. Sean Lennox, Lennox Masonry, Masonry Contractor, Victoria, BC Lennox Masonry of Victoria, BC has been proudly serving both Vancouver Island and the Gulf Islands for over a decade. We are small group of skilled masons with a great deal of passion towards our trade and for improving the communities we live and work in. We extend our gratitude to the lək̓ʷəŋən people for allowing us to share and work on this corner of the garden with them. We are thankful for the residents and businesses of Victoria, BC for supporting us in our endeavors! If you’re in need of a professional and reliable masonry company for your next project, please contact us today!

Lennox Masonry - Natural Full-Bed Stone with Concrete Caps and Mexican Tiles Time and time again, I am asked the same question: "What do you recommend? Cultured stone or natural stone veneer?" And my recommendation is always natural stone veneer over cultured for the following reasons: 4 Reasons To Go With Natural Stone As Opposed To Cultured Veneer: Lennox Masonry - Natural River Rock with Blue Stone Archways and Flagstone Caps Lennox Masonry - Cultured Granite River Rock 1) Longevity: Stone clearly stands the test of time. Take a look at any structure built using stone over the centuries as a testament to that statement. In fact, time typically adds character to any stone structure or surface. It is an element which is virtually indestructible. Cultured stone however, is a man-made combination of chemical processes which attempt to imitate natural stone products. Unfortunately, it falls short when it comes to longevity. Cultured stone products are a painted veneer which eventually fade in colour and consistency, leading to a grey blob without any character or definition. Due to our coastal weather in Victoria, BC, it is a certainty that over the coming decades, the majority of home's which utilize cultured stone, will have to be remodelled due to aesthetic issues. However, you can rest assured, that no matter what the seasons throw at your natural stone wall/walkway, it will remain not only undaunted, but, also, its colours ever more vibrant. In essence, its features only intensify over the years and stone is a household feature which never goes out of style. 2) Maintenance: Natural stone veneer is a product which needs little, if any maintenance at all. Natural stone is easier to clean than cultured, can withstand the occasional pressure washing, if necessary, and does not require the assistance of a sealing agent. Cleaning moss, lichen, and stains off of natural stone will not cause the surface to fall into disrepair. Cultured stone on the other hand will not hold up to an abrasive cleaning tool such as a steel brush. In fact, many cleaning solutions which will have no effect on stone, will have a detrimental effect on cultured stone veneers. 3) Energy Efficiency: When you think of natural stone, equate it to savings. Read from any one of the studies conducted over the past 20 years—and there are well over a dozen of them—and you'll find that the exterior of any building which is faced with natural stone, provides, on average, 60-175% more energy savings, in comparison to any other material used. While cultured stone will help with insulating efficiency and thus overall costs, it still pales in comparison to its natural competitor. 4) Increasing Your Home's Value And Your ROI: Ask any property assessor and they will all deliver the same unanimous verdict: natural stone nets a greater return on your investment than any other interior/exterior application on your home. Period. So, in the end, given maintenance costs and longevity, natural stone not only increases the value of your home but also costs less in the long run. In essence, natural stone veneer products will also net a better return on your investment. With years of experience in the field of masonry, Lennox Masonry is well equipped to assess and address your specific needs. Give Us A Call At: 778-968-6574 As always, if you have any questions, please, comment below or write to us at sean@lennoxmasonry.com To check out some of our other Blog Posts and obtain information for a wide-variety of additional Masonry applications, please click here. Sean Lennox, Lennox Masonry, Masonry Contractor, Victoria, BC Lennox Masonry of Victoria, BC has been proudly serving both Vancouver Island and the Gulf Islands for over a decade. We are small group of skilled masons with a great deal of passion towards our trade and for improving the communities we live and work in. We extend our gratitude to the lək̓ʷəŋən people for allowing us to share and work on this corner of the garden with them. We are thankful for the residents and businesses of Victoria, BC for supporting us in our endeavors! If you’re in need of a professional and reliable masonry company for your next project, please contact us today!

Out of sight, out of mind: this statement could not be more relevant than when it comes to a masonry chimney being one of the most overlooked components of a home. While masonry chimneys are durable and persistent, they, just like anything else, are susceptible to failure when not properly maintained. Routine inspections and frequent chimney cleaning are an absolute must when it comes to maintaining masonry structures. If you're in need of an inspection or are certain that one of the following warning signs are present and require addressing, Lennox Masonry of Victoria BC can help! What To Look For: Missing or deteriorating mortar joints, crumbling/spalling brick , smoke entering into living spaces: these are all warning signs that your chimney is in need of urgent repair. Acting quickly and taking the necessary steps to insure that the issues are dealt with is crucial to preventing further damage to your chimney and by extension your home. Not to mention, saving you thousands in the long-run. Why Chimneys Eventually Fail: 1) Freeze/Thaw Cycles: One of the masonry chimney's greatest foes is the yearly freeze/thaw cycle, in that the water and moisture contained within the brick and mortar freezes and thaws, expands and contracts, forcing apart the bricks from the mortar joints which secure the structure itself. As the years progress, so does the damage and the costs associated with fixing them. 2) Faulty Flashing: Whether it be the cap, step, or base flashing involved with your chimney, once the seal is compromised, erosion begins to take its toll, rapidly. Especially in coastal climates, such as Victoria, B.C. Flashing is the doorway between the roofing material and a masonry chimney. Once the doorway is open, all kinds of trouble are free to waltz right in and wreak havoc as they please. And they will, undoubtedly, do just that. 3) A Damaged or non-existent chimney cap/flue cover: One of the most important factors in regard to protecting your chimney's life-span is ensuring that a concrete cap or crown is present. This cap helps to divert rainfall away entering the top of the chimney as well as the brick or stonework that is holding your chimney together. Chimney pots (think of small concrete houses that fit overtop of the flue liner) not only prevent animals and birds from turning your chimney into a humble abode, but they are also the first defense against rain and snow. Chimney pots also help to divert rainfall and snow from entering the flue liner and wreaking havoc with the internal elements of a chimney. If one or all of the aforementioned warning signs are noticeable, it does not immediately suggest that your entire chimney is now subject to an overhaul from the ground-up. Just like rot in a home, it is only a matter of cutting out the affected areas, replacing them with new materials, and preventing further damage from occurring. Whether this includes re-pointing mortar joints, replacing spalling bricks, weather sealing, installing new flashing or a chimney cap, Lennox Masonry of Victoria BC is here to help! With years of experience in this field, Lennox Masonry is well equipped to assess and address your chimney's needs. Give Us A Call At: 778-968-6574 As always, if you have any questions, please, comment below or write to us at sean@lennoxmasonry.com To check out some of our other Blog Posts and obtain information for a wide-variety of additional Masonry applications, please click here. Sean Lennox, Lennox Masonry, Masonry Contractor, Victoria, BC Lennox Masonry of Victoria, BC has been proudly serving both Vancouver Island and the Gulf Islands for over a decade. We are small group of skilled masons with a great deal of passion towards our trade and for improving the communities we live and work in. We extend our gratitude to the lək̓ʷəŋən people for allowing us to share and work on this corner of the garden with them. We are thankful for the residents and businesses of Victoria, BC for supporting us in our endeavors! If you’re in need of a professional and reliable masonry company for your next project, please contact us today!

Lennox Masonry - Thin Stone Veneer Retaining Wall Vancouver Island —Victoria, BC, in particular— is home to an exceptional amount of mortared stone retaining walls. You cannot venture into a residential neighborhood without observing at least half a dozen of these works of art. When built properly with the right mortar mixture, ideal drainage, and optimal capping of the stone wall, they will remain standing for decades to come. However, and unfortunately, this is not always the case, as a good portion of phone calls I receive pertain to faulty construction techniques and applications which lead to structural failures. The foundations on which these walls are built are the key to longevity. A good working knowledge of how to direct water flow, soil types and how they correspond with drainage, along with specific mortar mixtures for each aspect of the wall, are also essential when it comes to ensuring the walls lifespan. If you have any questions in regards to your rock retaining wall or are in need of a quote for the procurement of one, please, contact us today. We possess extensive knowledge when it comes to all things masonry and landscaping. If we cannot use whatever stone is present on the property to construct a long-standing stone wall, we can help you obtain the necessary materials at low-cost in order to do so. Lennox Masonry - River Rock Retaining Walls, Victoria, BC Are you located in the Greater Victoria area and in need of a professional masonry contractor for your next project? With years of experience in the field of stonemasonry, Lennox Masonry is well equipped to handle and address your specific needs. Please, Give Us A Call At: 778-968-6574 As always, if you have any questions, please, comment below or write to us at sean@lennoxmasonry.com To check out some of our other Blog Posts and obtain information on a wide-variety of additional Masonry subjects, please click here. Sean Lennox, Lennox Masonry, Masonry Contractor, Stone Mason, Victoria, B.C. Lennox Masonry of Victoria, BC has been proudly serving both Vancouver Island and the Gulf Islands for over a decade. We are small group of skilled masons with a great deal of passion towards our trade and for improving the communities we live and work in. We extend our gratitude to the lək̓ʷəŋən people for allowing us to share and work on this corner of the garden with them. We are thankful for the residents and businesses of Victoria, BC for supporting us in our endeavors! If you’re in need of a professional and reliable masonry company for your next project, please contact us today!

When it comes to constructing durable and reliable masonry structures, the choice of mortar plays a crucial role. Among the various types of mortar available, Type N mortar stands out for its versatility and widespread use. In this blog post, Lennox Masonry of Victoria, BC will explore the composition of Type N mortar and delve into its numerous applications in the construction industry. Understanding Type N Mortar: Type N mortar is a general-purpose mortar that possesses a balanced blend of Portland cement, lime, and sand. The proportions are typically 1:1:6, with one part cement, one part lime, and six parts sand. This composition makes Type N mortar suitable for a wide range of applications, striking a balance between strength and flexibility. Uses of Type N Mortar: General Masonry Work: Type N mortar is commonly used for general masonry applications, such as building walls, chimneys, and outdoor patios. Its balanced composition provides a good compromise between compressive strength and flexibility, making it suitable for various structural elements. Exterior Walls: Thanks to its durability and weather resistance, Type N mortar is often chosen for constructing exterior walls. The mortar's ability to withstand exposure to the elements ensures the longevity and stability of outdoor structures. Brick and Block Construction: Type N mortar is well-suited for laying bricks and concrete blocks. Its workability allows for easy application and adjustments, making it a favorite among masons working on diverse projects. Repairs and Restoration: When restoring historical buildings or repairing existing masonry structures, Type N mortar is a popular choice. Its compatibility with various substrates and its ability to blend seamlessly with existing mortar make it an ideal option for restoration work. Residential Construction: For residential projects, Type N mortar is frequently used in applications like building fireplaces, retaining walls, and decorative brickwork. Its versatility and ease of use make it a reliable option for contractors and DIY enthusiasts alike. Load-Bearing Walls: Type N mortar can be employed in the construction of load-bearing walls. While not as strong as some other mortar types, its balanced composition ensures an adequate level of strength for many structural applications. DIY Projects: Homeowners undertaking their own construction or renovation projects often find Type N mortar to be user-friendly. Its mix of strength and workability makes it an approachable option for those new to masonry work. How To Mix Type N mortar from scratch: For most homeowners and DIY undertakings, purchasing a pre-mixed bag of Type N mortar which only requires the addition of water is usually the safest bet when it comes to ensuring you have the correct mixing ratio. Here at Lennox Masonry, we approach our projects from a purist's perspective. And while some may argue that it's not possible to obtain a consistent ratio and mixture without pre-mixed bags of mortar, as with anything, practice makes perfect. It's not difficult to gauge the size and weight of a shovel full of sand and replicate it with each additional scoop. It's then just a matter of repeating that judgement for the Portland cement and lime. It just takes...practice. We've found with pre-mixed bags that the fine sand used in the making of them doesn't suit all applications. In working with larger mortar joints that one can find in stone retaining walls for example, it's important to use a coarse sand with thicker pebbles. We also prefer having all of our ingredients separate, with the sand slightly damp, prior to combining it with Portland cement and lime. It is statistically shown to improve the chemical reaction and curing process when mixed this way. The following steps outline the method we use to mix our own mortar by scratch. Step 1: Using a shovel as a measuring device, simply scoop 6 shovel fulls of damp sand into a wheelbarrow, mixer, or mixing bucket. Using the size of the scoops as a gauge, then scoop 1 shovel full of Portland cement and 1 shovel full of lime into your mixing station of choice. When a mixing barrel is not available, our preference for mixing mortar is using a wheelbarrow as a station and a garden hoe as a mixing tool, but a shovel or even a bucket with a paddle drill will also suffice. We have also had great success with a slotted garden hoe as well. Step 2: Mix the damp sand, Portland cement and lime together until it is thoroughly blended (usually a few minutes). Slowly add water to the mixture and continue stirring it around until the consistency of the mortar almost feels like dough in your hands. You don't want it falling through your fingers in essence. You want it to be fairly moist and able to remain clumped together. Step 3: Allow the mortar to rest for a few minutes prior to mixing it a final time and applying it to whatever masonry material you're working with. Conclusion: Type N mortar's versatility and reliability make it a popular choice for a wide array of construction projects. Whether you're building a new structure, repairing an old one, or embarking on a DIY venture, Type N mortar offers the right balance of strength and flexibility. Understanding the applications and benefits of Type N mortar allows masonry contractors and homeowners alike to make informed choices, ensuring the success and longevity of their construction projects. Lennox Masonry of Victoria, BC has been proudly serving both Vancouver Island and the Gulf Islands for over a decade. We are small group of skilled masons with a great deal of passion towards our trade and for improving the communities we live and work in. We extend our gratitude to the lək̓ʷəŋən people for allowing us to share and work on this corner of the garden with them. We are thankful for the residents and businesses of Victoria, BC for supporting us in our endeavors! If you’re in need of a professional and reliable masonry company for your next project, please contact us today!

Jointers are tools used to manipulate mortar joints for the sake of achieving a specific finish on any masonry structure, such as brick or stone walls. In the following guide, Lennox Masonry of Victoria, BC will walk you through the most commonly used jointers and the results each one can achieve when it comes to your masonry project. For the most part, the type of masonry joint desired is purely aesthetic, but certain types of joints can prevent elements such as rain from working its way between masonry units. And on that note, we are going to begin with one of the most widely used joints in masonry: the flush joint. Slicker or Tuck Pointing Jointer: Flush joints are created by using a Slicker jointer or a Tuck pointing jointer. It is a flat tool which simply removes the excess mortar from the masonry structure. The results are a mortar joint which is flush with the face of the brick or stone. Joint Raker or Rake Out Jointer: Raked out joints are made by utilizing a Joint Raker, otherwise known as a Rake Out jointer. The Joint Raker consists of a handle with two metal wheels and an adjustable nail at the end to rake out the mortar joint to the desired depth. The wheels of the jointer run along the face of bricks while the nail head removes the mortar from between them. It is a very effective and efficient jointer for removing mortar quickly throughout brickwork. Convex Jointer: The creation of a concave masonry joint is accomplished by using a Convex jointer. As the name suggests, the jointer is made in a concave shape which allows for a rounded finish of the mortar. Beaded Mortar Jointer: A Beaded mortar jointer is essentially a Convex mortar jointer with an inversed handle. They also come in a square format if desired. The key to creating a beaded mortar joint is to over-grout the joint and then apply the Beaded Mortar Jointer to it for a rounded look. V Jointer: A V joint is exactly how it sounds: a V shaped mortar joint which has been indented by a V jointer. V joints were widely used in previous centuries but are rarely used in our modern era, apart from restoring heritage masonry structures. Grapevine Jointer: A Grapevine jointer is a flat-edged jointer with a raised bead of steel in the center of it to create a small depression in the middle of a mortar joint. Much like the V jointer, the Grapevine jointer is no longer widely used except while restoring heritage masonry structures. Lennox Masonry of Victoria, BC has been proudly serving both Vancouver Island and the Gulf Islands for over a decade. We are small group of skilled masons with a great deal of passion towards our trade and for improving the communities we live and work in. We extend our gratitude to the lək̓ʷəŋən people for allowing us to share and work on this corner of the garden with them. We are thankful for the residents and businesses of Victoria, BC for supporting us in our endeavors! If you’re in need of a professional and reliable masonry company for your next project, please contact us today!

Repointing, also known as tuck pointing, is the process of removing the existing mortar from between bricks or stones and replacing it with freshly mixed mortar. In this guide, we will go over everything you need to know about how to examine mortar joints and ensure that repointing is necessary. We will also go over how to tuck point properly, including the correct tools and methods used. The Signs: Knowing When It’s Time To Repoint Mortar, like anything else, has a certain shelf life. Environmental factors such as rain, moisture, plant growth, tremors, freezing temperatures, heat waves, etc., all play a role in destabilizing mortar. If mortar is recessed or no longer present in certain areas of the brick or stonework, it’s likely that the remainder of the masonry structure is also compromised. Separations or cracks between masonry units and mortar is also a clear indicator that repointing is required. Mortar joints should be fully attached and solid between any masonry structure. Decrepit mortar doesn’t always make itself obvious. Sometimes, the surface of a mortar joint may appear stable but upon subjecting it to a blunt tool such as a flathead screwdriver, you’ll find that it’s soft and flaking, indicating that there is a moisture issue. As with anything else, it’s best to implement preventative measures and catch failing mortar before it leads to greater issues down the road. The Repointing Process: Recessing and cleaning the mortar joints: The first step is to recess the existing mortar by at least an inch (1-1/2” is usually best depending on the type of masonry materials involved), followed by a thorough cleaning of the joints with direct air pressure. Here at Lennox Masonry, we utilize a variety of means for each specific application when it comes to recessing mortar joints. For chimneys and brick walls we have had great success in using tuck pointing grinders with vacuum hose attachments to minimize dust. In regard to stone walls, we have found that air powered chisels work best on stonework due to the randomness of the mortar joints. And sometimes we’ll just use a good old fashioned hammer and chisel if it’s a small repair project. Moisten the brick or stone as well as the cleaned out mortar joints with a spray bottle, sponge, or a hose on a shower-type setting. You don’t want to overly saturate the masonry but you also don’t want it too dry either. In essence, you want to ensure that the mortar will grab and bond with the masonry units and that the stone or brick doesn’t suck too much moisture out of the mortar too quickly. A delicate balance is needed. Determining which type of mortar best suits your project depends on a variety of factors. Such as: the type of brick or stone you’re working with, whether or not it is a load bearing wall, as well as the masonry structures exposure to the elements. For a full breakdown of the right types of mortar for the right type of masonry project, read our blog post:Masonry & Mortar: A Guide To Different Types Of Mortar And Their Uses 4. Once you have established which mortar you will be utilizing, it’s time to gather the necessary tools for the job. There are several different ways to place the mortar into the joints and it mainly comes down to preference. You can either place the mortar on a Hawk or a pointed trowel and use the correct sized jointer for your application to press it in, or fill a grout bag full of mortar and squeeze it in. Both have their pros and cons. The grout bag requires some practice in regard to squeezing out the mortar properly so that there aren’t any pockets of air left behind. It can also be hard on the wrists and hands but it is incredibly efficient at getting mortar into place quickly with a practiced hand. It also excels at filling vertical joints. However, if your project requires a stiffer, drier mortar, or a coarser sand, a grout bag will likely be an inefficient tool for your masonry project, as it becomes quite cumbersome to squeeze out mortar when it isn’t wet enough or doesn’t contain fine sand. The Hawk or pointed trowel method is great at ensuring that the mortar joints are fully packed. While it will take longer to fill in the mortar joints and will also take some patience for those who aren’t skilled in repointing vertical mortar joints, this is the go-to method when working with mortars which contain coarse sand. Whichever method you choose, be sure to allow the fresh mortar to overhang the brick or stone by about an 1/8th of an inch. The reason being, when you proceed with jointing and pressing the mortar in place, you’ll want some extra mortar to pack in and create a thoroughly sealed joint with. 5. The next step is to allow the mortar to dry until it feels somewhat stiff. It should still contain its original colour (if it starts to look white or light grey it’s dried for too long) and feel hard to the touch. The type of jointer used to rake back and seal the joint will depend on the style of finish you’re going for. No matter the preferred finish, be sure to keep the joint consistent when it comes to its overhang, depth or recession. Uniformity is the key if you want to ensure the masonry structure will be aesthetically pleasing. Like anything else, creating even mortar joints takes a degree of practice. Applying consistent pressure and movement over the distance of a mortar joint usually takes years to master. Jointing is the final touch to a masonry structure. It can either make it or break it, so take your time and proceed with patience. 6. The final step is to allow your mortar joints to dry until the surface is barely impressionable and then lightly brush the joints with a painters brush. Brushing is done in an effort to remove any tool marks as well as press the mortar into the stone or brick to create a tight seal. This makes for a smooth and consistent feel to the mortar. Once all of the mortar joints are brushed, use a dampened sponge of choice to gently wipe the face of the stone or brick clean from any mortar residue. If there are stubborn stains that won’t come off or you've left chunks of mortar on the face for too long, you can use a stiff bristled brush to help remove them. A cleaning solution may also be required but allow the mortar joints to cure for sometime prior to cleaning the masonry structure with a solution or a hose. If you enjoyed this blog post, please take a moment to peruse our Masonry Blog and thanks for reading! Lennox Masonry of Victoria, BC has been proudly serving both Vancouver Island and the Gulf Islands for over a decade. We are small group of skilled masons with a great deal of passion towards our trade and for improving the communities we live and work in. We extend our gratitude to the lək̓ʷəŋən people for allowing us to share and work on this corner of the garden with them. We are thankful for the residents and businesses of Victoria, BC for supporting us in our endeavors! If you’re in need of a professional and reliable masonry company for your next project, please contact us today!

Victoria, BC is home to a tremendous amount of stonework and brickwork. In fact, Victoria’s building codes require some form of masonry on a home, as well as stone or brick retaining walls when permitted. You can walk through nearly any community in Victoria and come across numerous retaining walls which are a testament to the abundance of stone and brickwork in this region of Vancouver Island. Most of the old stone retaining walls that you find on properties throughout Victoria, BC are typically 40+ years old and suffer much the same fate: a lack of proper drainage, the absence of a footing, and the use of improper mortars. Here at Lennox Masonry, we usually repair upwards of 30 stone walls a year within the greater Victoria area. Roughly, 90% of the stone walls that we are asked to repair and rebuild weren’t built with proper drainage in place, concrete footers, or mortars that utilize a suitable combination of lime and Portland cement. Footings: Concrete footers for a stone or brick wall have the same code requirements as the footings for a house: they must be below the frost line. Here in Victoria, BC building codes dictate that a footer for masonry structures such as stone or brick walls must be built beneath the established frostline and that it should extend at least 6” out on all sides of the wall or pillar to be built on top of it. A proper concrete footer entails the right mixture of concrete and some steel reenforcement, such as rebar. Drainage: It’s crucial that ample drainage is installed behind the wall in various sections so that any and all water is diverted from the wall and the footer. Proper drainage entails not only the application of drain rock and perhaps a membrane against the back and/or the base of the footer, but also perforated pipes which collect and distribute water away from the wall. Ideally, you would want perforated pipes in three sections: the base, the mid-section, and the top of the wall. Here at Lennox Masonry, when building stone or brick retaining walls, we will place a membrane at the back of the wall, install drain pipes which divert the water away, and then apply drain rock prior to backfilling with soil and plants. Mortar: Many of the stone retaining walls in Victoria, BC were built using nothing but Portland cement-based mortars without the addition of lime. Lime increases the working time of mortar and allows for a greater bond between masonry materials, as well as longevity.  It’s important to use the correct mortar mixture based on the type of retaining wall being repaired or rebuilt. There are different types of stones and bricks which require unique and specific mortar mixtures in order to create a long-standing masonry structure. To learn more about lime and lime-based mortars, read our blog post:Restoring & Preserving Historical Masonry Structures: The Case For Natural Hydraulic Lime Mortar And to learn more about various types of mortars and their uses, read our blog post:Masonry & Mortar: A Guide to Different Types of Mortar and Their Uses If you're a resident in the Greater Victoria area and are interested in having us assess your wall, please contact Lennox Masonry today! Lennox Masonry of Victoria, BC has been proudly serving both Vancouver Island and the Gulf Islands for over a decade. We are small group of skilled masons with a great deal of passion towards our trade and for improving the communities we live and work in. We extend our gratitude to the lək̓ʷəŋən people for allowing us to share and work on this corner of the garden with them. We are thankful for the residents and businesses of Victoria, BC for supporting us in our endeavors! If you’re in need of a professional and reliable masonry company for your next project, please contact us today!

Dry-stack stone walls, also referred to as free-standing walls are an entirely different beast when it comes to the realm of stonemasonry. The tradition of dry-stone walling dates back to the Neolithic Age. However, it seems to be a bit of a dying art form and building technique, as most modern, newly built homes and homeowners choose wooden fences or Allan Block retaining walls, as the presumption is that they are cheaper and quicker to install. This is not entirely true and we will get to that shortly. I don't know of many stonemasons who practice this building technique here in Victoria, BC, let alone have any experience with it. It is a true combination of science and art, and, as mentioned, a bit of a rarity in today's building styles. I only had the pleasure of building a handful of dry-stack walls with the first masonry company I was employed under, but I loved it so much that I just began building my own walls in my spare time, with whatever rubble was laying around. Once I started my own masonry company in Victoria, BC, I took on as many jobs pertaining to dry-stone walling as I possibly could. And the beauty of this type of stonework is that you can do it all-year-round, as there is no mortar required, hence, it is not weather dependant. When these walls are built properly and meet the required guidelines, they will remain intact and standing for well over 100 years. I believe this is what I found to be so appealing about dry-stone walls, not to mention their natural beauty and the rich history which comes along with them. The Benefits of Dry Stack Retaining Walls and Free Standing Walls: 1) Cost and Efficiency: Not only are they dry-stone walls sustainable, but with a skilled stone waller and some locally quarried stone, these dry stack walls are less costly when it comes to materials and labour, as they do not require a concrete footing, rebar, mortar, proper drainage, or any type of machinery to see the process through. Depending on the wall's height, you may not even have to dig down to the subsoil and can begin building precisely where you stand, with a little compacting of course. 2) Eco-Friendly: Apart from the quarrying process, dry-stone walls are one of the greenest options available, due to the absence of mortar and concrete. These walls blend seamlessly with their natural environment, allowing water to drain without impedance, while inviting vegetation, bugs and all variety of small creatures to use them as a sanctuary. 3) Durability: What makes dry-stone walls so durable is their ability to move with the freeze/thaw cycles. They require no waterproofing, endure no hydrostatic pressure (water pressure which causes mortar/concrete to fail), and remain flexible with mother nature's elements and inevitable stressors. Lennox Masonry - Dry Stack Retaining Wall With years of experience in this field, Lennox Masonry is well equipped to assess and address your specific needs. Give Us A Call At: 778-968-6574 As always, if you have any questions, please, comment below or write to us at sean@lennoxmasonry.com To check out some of our other Blog Posts and obtain information for a wide-variety of additional Masonry applications, please click here. Sean Lennox, Lennox Masonry, Masonry Contractor, Victoria, BC Lennox Masonry of Victoria, BC has been proudly serving both Vancouver Island and the Gulf Islands for over a decade. We are small group of skilled masons with a great deal of passion towards our trade and for improving the communities we live and work in. We extend our gratitude to the lək̓ʷəŋən people for allowing us to share and work on this corner of the garden with them. We are thankful for the residents and businesses of Victoria, BC for supporting us in our endeavors! If you’re in need of a professional and reliable masonry company for your next project, please contact us today!

This retaining wall was built in the heart of Victoria, British Columbia’s, Oak Bay District. The majority of the stone used in the rebuilding of the retaining wall was native to the original stone wall. I added several dozen large ‘Grey Ice’ stones and a variety of river rocks which were sourced from Jordan River, B.C. I also incorporated a piece of driftwood with the river rocks as a means of creating a border between the neighbour’s stone retaining wall and the newly constructed one. I built several coves into the stonework to act as placeholders for planters and candles, etc., as the homeowner had several children and I thought they might appreciate the coves, making the wall functional and interactive. The stone retaining wall was built to appear as a dry-stacked stone wall but is actually mortared in place from behind and was mortared along the top for safety purposes and to keep any roots out. Drainage pipe, drain rock, and landscape fabric were also placed behind the structure of the wall to ensure that it remains standing for the generations to come. I then built a wooden handrail out of rough-cut cedar and placed it into a bed of concrete to support pedestrian traffic along the stairway. If you happen to find yourself on Beechwood Avenue in Victoria, BC, keep an eye out for this stone wall, explore it’s many intricacies, and please send me any photos that you may be inspired to take via our Contact Page. Please visit our Masonry Blog and our Gallery page to view some of our other completed projects. Thank you, Sean Lennox Lennox Masonry Lennox Masonry of Victoria, BC has been proudly serving both Vancouver Island and the Gulf Islands for over a decade. We are small group of skilled masons with a great deal of passion towards our trade and for improving the communities we live and work in. We extend our gratitude to the lək̓ʷəŋən people for allowing us to share and work on this corner of the garden with them. We are thankful for the residents and businesses of Victoria, BC for supporting us in our endeavors! If you’re in need of a professional and reliable masonry company for your next project, please contact us today!

The construction industry offers a multitude of career avenues for young people to explore and master. And while we may be biased here at Lennox Masonry, we feel it still holds true that traditional trades such as stonemasonry and bricklaying possess a hint of magic to them. There is something very rewarding and exciting about carrying on an ancient craft that has been passed down for thousands of years and has been used to build masonry structures which still stand the test of time. Masonry in and of itself has many facets to master and while it's possible to become a sort of jack-of-all-trades when it comes to the various branches of masonry, it's our opinion that it's best to focus wholeheartedly on one and do it very well. It takes countless hours of experience, along with the ability to efficiently problem solve and implement solutions, before fully mastering a trade. Working with a company such as Lennox Masonry, where we employ a team of highly-skilled stonemasons and bricklayers who have mastered their fields of expertise, is incredibly helpful for those just starting out in this trade and who are still unsure as to which route they would prefer to go. In this blog post, and for simplicity's sake, we are going to focus on the two major career choices. Stonemasonry: Stonemasonry far pre-dates bricklaying and can trace its roots back to ancient civilizations, where skilled craftsmen chiseled away at rough stones to build impressive structures that still captivate our imagination today. From the unearthing of Gobekli Tepe to the grand pyramids of Egypt to the majestic temples of Greece, stonemasonry has left an indelible mark on the world's architectural landscape. Fast forward to the the medieval period, stonemasons formed tightly-knit guilds, passing down their closely guarded knowledge from master to apprentice. These guilds became the breeding grounds for skilled artisans who contributed to the construction of cathedrals, castles, and bridges across Europe. These guilds created by the early stonemasons also went onto found what we know today as Freemasonry. The Renaissance period marked a resurgence in interest in the classical arts, and stonemasonry experienced a revival. The intricate carvings and ornate details adorning structures like the Florence Cathedral and St. Peter's Basilica showcased the unparalleled craftsmanship of stonemasons. As time progressed, stonemasonry continued to evolve with advancements in technology. The industrial revolution brought about new tools and techniques, transforming the craft into a more efficient and scalable trade. Despite these changes, the essence of stonemasonry, with its emphasis on precision and artistic expression, remained intact. Modern Challenges and Opportunities: In the 21st century, stonemasonry faces a new set of challenges, including the rise of alternative building materials such as cultured stone veneers and increased mechanization (stones aren't quarried, cut, and shaped quite like they used to be). However, the demand for skilled stonemasons remains strong, especially in restoration projects where preserving the authenticity of historical structures is paramount. When it comes to restoring masonry structures, we at Lennox Masonry are typically tasked with restoring stone retaining walls, buildings and walkways for the City of Victoria, BC. When it comes to residential projects we design and build everything from outdoor living spaces to intricate stone walls and fireplaces. In essence, there is no shortage of stonemasonry work nor opportunities to learn and grow from. Pursuing a Career in Stonemasonry: For those captivated by the beauty of working with stone and the desire to leave a lasting legacy, a career in stonemasonry beckons. The path to becoming a skilled stonemason typically begins with formal training or apprenticeship programs. These programs provide hands-on experience and mentorship, allowing aspiring craftsmen to learn the intricacies of the trade. It's important to note that as of this writing, there are no formal trade-schools or accreditation programs for stonemasonry on Vancouver Island or in British Columbia. Training is solely conducted on the job-site without any formal recognition. However, the province of Ontario does offer several programs related to stonemasonry in which students may achieve accreditation. Stonemasonry offers a diverse range of career opportunities, from working on large-scale construction projects to specializing in restoration and preservation. A skilled stonemason may find themselves sculpting intricate details on a new building or meticulously restoring a centuries-old monument to its former glory. Needless to say, it is a highly satisfying and rewarding career path. Bricklaying: Bricklaying is also an ancient craft that has played a crucial role in the development of civilizations throughout history. From the great walls of ancient Mesopotamia to the iconic structures of the Roman Empire, the art of laying bricks has left an indelible mark on architecture. In this aspect of the blog post, we will explore the rich history of bricklaying and delve into the reasons why pursuing a career in this time-honored trade can be a rewarding and fulfilling choice. The Ancient Foundations: The roots of bricklaying can be traced back to around 7000 BC when the earliest known bricks were made in the Middle East. Initially, sun-dried mud bricks were used, but it wasn't until the invention of fired clay bricks in ancient Mesopotamia that bricklaying as we know it began to take shape. The durability and versatility of fired bricks led to their widespread adoption in construction, revolutionizing the way buildings were erected. The Roman Legacy: The Romans further refined the art of bricklaying, employing a variety of techniques that are still in use today. The famous Roman arches and vaults, constructed using meticulously laid bricks, showcased the structural prowess of ancient bricklayers. The knowledge and skills developed during this era laid the groundwork for the architectural achievements of later civilizations. Medieval Mastery: During the medieval period, bricklaying techniques continued to evolve. The construction of cathedrals and castles demanded intricate brickwork, and skilled artisans honed their craft to meet the demands of ambitious architectural projects. The Gothic style, with its pointed arches and intricate detailing, became synonymous with the expertise of medieval bricklayers. Industrial Revolution and Modernization: The Industrial Revolution brought about significant changes to the field of bricklaying. With the advent of mechanized brick-making processes, the demand for skilled bricklayers skyrocketed. However, the importance of craftsmanship did not diminish. Instead, bricklayers adapted to new technologies, incorporating them into their workflow to increase efficiency and precision. Pursuing a Career in Bricklaying: Despite technological advancements, the need for skilled bricklayers remains high. The construction industry continues to grow, and with it, the demand for professionals who can bring precision and artistry to bricklaying. Pursuing a career in bricklaying offers numerous advantages: Job Security: As long as construction is ongoing, the demand for skilled bricklayers will persist. Creativity: Bricklaying is not just about stacking bricks; it involves creativity and attention to detail, allowing artisans to contribute to the aesthetic appeal of a structure. Hands-on Work: If you enjoy working with your hands and seeing tangible results, bricklaying provides a satisfying and physically engaging career. Training and Apprenticeships: Many vocational schools and apprenticeship programs offer hands-on training, ensuring that aspiring bricklayers gain the skills needed for success in the field. Bricklaying has stood the test of time, from ancient civilizations to the modern era. Choosing a career in bricklaying allows individuals to become part of a rich tradition while contributing to the construction of functional and aesthetically pleasing structures. As the construction industry continues to evolve, the need for skilled bricklayers ensures that this time-honored craft will endure for generations to come. Lennox Masonry of Victoria, BC has been proudly serving both Vancouver Island and the Gulf Islands for over a decade. We are small group of skilled masons with a great deal of passion towards our trade and for improving the communities we live and work in. We extend our gratitude to the lək̓ʷəŋən people for allowing us to share and work on this corner of the garden with them. We are thankful for the residents and businesses of Victoria, BC for supporting us in our endeavors! If you’re in need of a professional and reliable masonry company for your next project, please contact us today!